B: Banana - केला
The banana is an edible fruit – botanically a berry– produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called plantains, in contrast to dessert bananas. The fruit is variable in size, color, and firmness, but is usually elongated and curved, with soft flesh rich in starch covered with a rind, which may be green, yellow, red, purple, or brown when ripe.
The fruits grow in clusters hanging from the top of the plant. Almost all modern edible parthenocarpic (seedless) bananas come from two wild species – Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana. The scientific names of most cultivated bananas are Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana, and Musa × paradisiaca for the hybrid Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana, depending on their genomic constitution. The old scientific name Musa sapientum is no longer used.
केला को अंग्रेजी में Banana कहते हैं जिसका वैज्ञानिक नाम मुसा (Musa) है। केला एक फल ही नहीं बल्कि एक औषधी भी है केले की सबसे अच्छी किस्म भारत में ही होती है। एक फल औसतन 125 ग्राम का होता है, जिसमें लगभग 75% पानी और 25% सूखी सामग्री होती है। केला एक ऐसा फल है जो हर मौसम में मिलता है।
केले भी दो प्रकार के होते हैं कच्चा केला और पका केला दोनों ही प्रकार के केले हमारी बीमारियों में काम आते हैं। पके केले को छिलका उतारकर खाया जाता है और कच्चे केले केले की सब्जी बनाकर खायी जाती है।
इसमें कैरोटिनॉइड यौगिक पाया जाता है, जिससे अंधेपन का खतरा दूर होता है। इसमें भरपूर मात्रा में फाइबर मौजूद होते हैं, जो पाचन क्रिया को बेहतर बनाते हैं। इसमें पोटैशियम पाया जाता है, जो रक्त संचार को ठीक और दिमाग को चुस्त और अलर्ट रखता है। केला विटामिन B6 का एक बढ़िया स्रोत है, जो नर्वस सिस्टम को मजबूत करता है।
Boysenberries
Description/Taste
The Boysenberry is a large bramble berry that grows on trailing vines, rather than upright bushes. Reaching up to 2.5 centimeters in length, they are one of the largest berries in the Rubus genus. They are composed of small druplets each containing a single seed, tightly clustered around a solid core. When fully ripe, they develop a deep maroon color, though it is not uncommon for the berries to still have subtle hints of red. Its flavor is rich and complex, slightly sweeter than a blackberry with just a hint of acid. They have an extremely juicy consistency and fragile texture.
Seasons/Availability
Boysenberries are available during late spring and early summer.
Current Facts
The Boysenberry is a hybrid aggregate fruit that was cultivated by cross pollinating the flowers of three other berries: raspberry, loganberry and the blackberry. Botanically named Rubus ursinus idaeus, it is categorized as a dewberry, which is a trailing thorny plant that it commonly found in North America. Though they look almost identical to the standard blackberry, Boysenberries are valued by some to be a far more special treat. Their extremely thin skin and high moisture content mean that an extended shelf life is almost non-existent. When picked at the perfect ripeness, these highly perishable berries are highly sought after and a coveted item among chefs and culinarians.
Nutritional Value
Boysenberries are a good source of vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium and dietary fiber.
Applications
Boysenberries can be used similarly to blackberries in most applications, but are slightly sweeter and more fragile. They are commonly used in the typical jam, jelly, or baked good, but are also wonderful in savory appetizers and main entrees. They cook down beautifully into a sauce spiked with wine and black pepper paired with fresh goat cheese and rosemary flatbread. Reduce Boysenberry juice with juniper berries, mustard seed and beef stock for a sweet and savory sauce to pair with roasted beef tenderloin. Other complimentary pairings include coconuts, apricots, peaches, honey, rose, citrus, strawberries, raisins, hazelnut, cardamon, cinnamon, mascarpone, fresh young cheeses, poultry, wild game, pork, chocolate, fino sherry and rum.
Ethnic/Cultural Info
Boysenberries have been unofficially deemed a "superfood". They are a rich source of anthocyanins, natural antioxidants which help to maintain healthy brain cells as well as protect against oxidative damage that leads to brain aging as well as Alzheimer’s disease
Geography/History
The Boysenberry was developed during the Great Depression by Rudolf Boysen, a Swedish immigrant and horticulturist who lived in the Napa Valley region of California. The Boysenberry would later find commercial success under the guidance of farmer and berry "expert" Walter Knott of Knott's Berry Farm. In fact, it was the Boysenberry's immense popularity that put Knott's Berry Farm on the map and made it into the famous farm that we know today. Boysenberries grow on trailing vines throughout the Western Coast of the United States. They have been naturalized in Northern New Zealand, where the fruit is grown for commercial export more than anywhere else.
Black Current
The blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) is a woody shrub in the family Grossulariaceae grown for its piquant berries. It is native to temperate parts of central and northern Europe and northern Asia where it prefers damp fertile soils and is widely cultivated both commercially and domestically.
It is winterhardy, but cold weather at flowering time during the spring reduces the size of the crop. Bunches of small, glossy black fruit develop along the stems in the summer and can be harvested by hand or by machine.
फालसा (वानस्पतिक नाम- 'ग्रेविया एशियाटिका') एक मध्यम आकार का पेड़ है, जिस पर छोटे-छोटे बेर के आकार के फल लगते है। यह मध्य भारत के वनों में प्रचुरता से पाया जाता है। फालसा के फल स्वाद में खट्टे-मीठे होते है। गर्मियों में इसके फलों का शर्बत ठंडक प्रदान करता है और लू तथा गर्मी के थपेड़ों से भी आराम दिलाता है। इसका शर्बत शरीर के लिए बहुत पौष्टिक रहता है।
Black Berry-ब्लैक बेरी-जामुन
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the Rubus genus in the Rosaceae family, hybrids among these species within the Rubus subgenus, and hybrids between the Rubus and Idaeobatus subgenera.
The taxonomy of the blackberries has historically been confused because of hybridization and apomixis, so that species have often been grouped together and called species aggregates.
जामुन को बहुत से नामों से जाना जाता है जैसे – राजमन, काला जामुन, ब्लैकबेरी और जमाली आदि। जामुन एक मौसमी फल होता है।जामुन अम्लीय और कसैली प्रकृति का फल होता है और स्वाद में भी मीठा होता है। जामुन एक आयुर्वेदिक हर्ब होता है। जामुन को खाने से बहुत से रोग खत्म हो जाते हैं। जामुन को आयुर्वेद में भी खाने की सलाह दी जाती है। जामुन खाने में स्वादिष्ट होती है और इसमें बहुत से औषधीय गुण भी होते हैं। जामुन अम्लीय होती है इसी वजह से इसे नमक के साथ खाया जाता है। जामुन का प्रभाव ठंडा होता है। जामुन की कई देशी और विदेशी किस्मे पायी जाती हैं।
Blue Berry - ब्लू बेरी - नीलबदरी
Blueberries are perennial flowering plants with indigo-colored berries. They are classified in the section Cyanococcus within the genus Vaccinium. Vaccinium also includes cranberries, bilberries and grouseberries.Commercial “blueberries” are native to North America, and the “highbush” varieties were not introduced into Europe until the 1930s.
ब्लूबेरी या नीलबदरी
ब्लूबेरी एक वैक्सीनियम प्रजाति से संबंधित एक फल है। ब्लू बेरी का उत्पादन नार्थ अमेरिका, यूरोप, साउथ अफ्रीका, एशिया में होता है। छोटे और गोल आकार की ब्लूबेरी नीले रंग की होती हैं जो खाने में खट्टी-मीठी होती हैं।
ब्लूबेरी के औषधीय गुण
आप इसके फल को सलाद, जूस के रूप में भी सेवन कर सकते हैं जो हमारे शरीर के लिए बहुत अधिक फायदेमंद होता है। ब्लूबेरी वजन कम करने में, पाचन शक्ति बढ़ाने में, तनाव दूर करने में, कैंसर में, मधुमेह में बहुत अधिक फायदेमंद होता है।
Bing Cherry
Description/Taste
Bing cherries are a relatively large variety and share the characteristic heart-shape that most cherries exhibit. Their taut skin is smooth and shiny with a deep red to maroon coloring. The firm yet juicy interior has a snappy crunch and encompasses a single pit. The Bing cherry is intensely sweet and tangy, considered by most to be the ultimate cherry for both flavor and texture.
Seasons/Availability
Bing cherries are available from mid-spring until mid-summer.
Current Facts
All cherries are members of the family, Prunus and are descendents of the wild cherry, Prunus avium. They are classified as stone fruits (fruits containing a singular central seed), alongside apricots, plums, peaches and almonds. The Bing cherry is considered the benchmark standard of all cherries and it is the most cultivated variety of sweet cherries in the world. It is a grafted offspring of the now obscure heirloom Black Republican cherry, which mainly serves as a pollinator for other cherry varieties.
Nutritional Value
Bing cherries are an excellent supply of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron, potassium and boron. Their deep red pigment is made possible by the phytochemical called anthocyanin, a potent antioxidants that helps support heart health and provides anti-inflammatory benefits.
Applications
Bing cherries are best suited for fresh eating, canning or freezing. Their confectionary sweetness makes them a quintessential dessert ingredient during the summer months. Complimentary sweet pairings include vanilla, nutmeg, hazelnut, cinnamon, peaches, bramble berries, cream, marzipan, white and dark chocolate and powdered sugar. Savory pairings include almonds, apricots, citrus, herbs such as arugula basil and cilantro, pineapple, pork, scallop, duck, grilled fish, wine reductions, nut oils, mild creamy cheeses such as burrata and mascarpone, fennel and figs.
Ethnic/Cultural Info
The Bing cherry gets its name from a Manchurian Chinese immigrant named Ah Bing. For three decades he oversaw the production of the Lewelling family orchard where he may have had a hand in the original grafting of the Bing cherry trees.
Geography/History
Cherries are native to China. First documentation of cultivation dates back to 4000 B.C. The Bing cherry was first cultivated in 1875 by Seth Lewelling in Willamette Valley, Oregon. Bing cherry trees still thrive in the Willamette Valley and along the Pacific Coast from Washington to California. Under extreme weather conditions such as excess spring rainfall, the fruit will crack or split prior to harvest, damaging crops. Nature's weather elements alone don't prevent some cherries from making it to market. Birds can account for eating up to 30% of a tree's crop.
The banana is an edible fruit – botanically a berry– produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called plantains, in contrast to dessert bananas. The fruit is variable in size, color, and firmness, but is usually elongated and curved, with soft flesh rich in starch covered with a rind, which may be green, yellow, red, purple, or brown when ripe.
The fruits grow in clusters hanging from the top of the plant. Almost all modern edible parthenocarpic (seedless) bananas come from two wild species – Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana. The scientific names of most cultivated bananas are Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana, and Musa × paradisiaca for the hybrid Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana, depending on their genomic constitution. The old scientific name Musa sapientum is no longer used.
केला को अंग्रेजी में Banana कहते हैं जिसका वैज्ञानिक नाम मुसा (Musa) है। केला एक फल ही नहीं बल्कि एक औषधी भी है केले की सबसे अच्छी किस्म भारत में ही होती है। एक फल औसतन 125 ग्राम का होता है, जिसमें लगभग 75% पानी और 25% सूखी सामग्री होती है। केला एक ऐसा फल है जो हर मौसम में मिलता है।
केले भी दो प्रकार के होते हैं कच्चा केला और पका केला दोनों ही प्रकार के केले हमारी बीमारियों में काम आते हैं। पके केले को छिलका उतारकर खाया जाता है और कच्चे केले केले की सब्जी बनाकर खायी जाती है।
इसमें कैरोटिनॉइड यौगिक पाया जाता है, जिससे अंधेपन का खतरा दूर होता है। इसमें भरपूर मात्रा में फाइबर मौजूद होते हैं, जो पाचन क्रिया को बेहतर बनाते हैं। इसमें पोटैशियम पाया जाता है, जो रक्त संचार को ठीक और दिमाग को चुस्त और अलर्ट रखता है। केला विटामिन B6 का एक बढ़िया स्रोत है, जो नर्वस सिस्टम को मजबूत करता है।
Boysenberries
Description/Taste
The Boysenberry is a large bramble berry that grows on trailing vines, rather than upright bushes. Reaching up to 2.5 centimeters in length, they are one of the largest berries in the Rubus genus. They are composed of small druplets each containing a single seed, tightly clustered around a solid core. When fully ripe, they develop a deep maroon color, though it is not uncommon for the berries to still have subtle hints of red. Its flavor is rich and complex, slightly sweeter than a blackberry with just a hint of acid. They have an extremely juicy consistency and fragile texture.
Seasons/Availability
Boysenberries are available during late spring and early summer.
Current Facts
The Boysenberry is a hybrid aggregate fruit that was cultivated by cross pollinating the flowers of three other berries: raspberry, loganberry and the blackberry. Botanically named Rubus ursinus idaeus, it is categorized as a dewberry, which is a trailing thorny plant that it commonly found in North America. Though they look almost identical to the standard blackberry, Boysenberries are valued by some to be a far more special treat. Their extremely thin skin and high moisture content mean that an extended shelf life is almost non-existent. When picked at the perfect ripeness, these highly perishable berries are highly sought after and a coveted item among chefs and culinarians.
Nutritional Value
Boysenberries are a good source of vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, potassium, phosphorous, magnesium and dietary fiber.
Applications
Boysenberries can be used similarly to blackberries in most applications, but are slightly sweeter and more fragile. They are commonly used in the typical jam, jelly, or baked good, but are also wonderful in savory appetizers and main entrees. They cook down beautifully into a sauce spiked with wine and black pepper paired with fresh goat cheese and rosemary flatbread. Reduce Boysenberry juice with juniper berries, mustard seed and beef stock for a sweet and savory sauce to pair with roasted beef tenderloin. Other complimentary pairings include coconuts, apricots, peaches, honey, rose, citrus, strawberries, raisins, hazelnut, cardamon, cinnamon, mascarpone, fresh young cheeses, poultry, wild game, pork, chocolate, fino sherry and rum.
Ethnic/Cultural Info
Boysenberries have been unofficially deemed a "superfood". They are a rich source of anthocyanins, natural antioxidants which help to maintain healthy brain cells as well as protect against oxidative damage that leads to brain aging as well as Alzheimer’s disease
Geography/History
The Boysenberry was developed during the Great Depression by Rudolf Boysen, a Swedish immigrant and horticulturist who lived in the Napa Valley region of California. The Boysenberry would later find commercial success under the guidance of farmer and berry "expert" Walter Knott of Knott's Berry Farm. In fact, it was the Boysenberry's immense popularity that put Knott's Berry Farm on the map and made it into the famous farm that we know today. Boysenberries grow on trailing vines throughout the Western Coast of the United States. They have been naturalized in Northern New Zealand, where the fruit is grown for commercial export more than anywhere else.
Black Current
The blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) is a woody shrub in the family Grossulariaceae grown for its piquant berries. It is native to temperate parts of central and northern Europe and northern Asia where it prefers damp fertile soils and is widely cultivated both commercially and domestically.
It is winterhardy, but cold weather at flowering time during the spring reduces the size of the crop. Bunches of small, glossy black fruit develop along the stems in the summer and can be harvested by hand or by machine.
फालसा (वानस्पतिक नाम- 'ग्रेविया एशियाटिका') एक मध्यम आकार का पेड़ है, जिस पर छोटे-छोटे बेर के आकार के फल लगते है। यह मध्य भारत के वनों में प्रचुरता से पाया जाता है। फालसा के फल स्वाद में खट्टे-मीठे होते है। गर्मियों में इसके फलों का शर्बत ठंडक प्रदान करता है और लू तथा गर्मी के थपेड़ों से भी आराम दिलाता है। इसका शर्बत शरीर के लिए बहुत पौष्टिक रहता है।
Black Berry-ब्लैक बेरी-जामुन
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the Rubus genus in the Rosaceae family, hybrids among these species within the Rubus subgenus, and hybrids between the Rubus and Idaeobatus subgenera.
The taxonomy of the blackberries has historically been confused because of hybridization and apomixis, so that species have often been grouped together and called species aggregates.
जामुन को बहुत से नामों से जाना जाता है जैसे – राजमन, काला जामुन, ब्लैकबेरी और जमाली आदि। जामुन एक मौसमी फल होता है।जामुन अम्लीय और कसैली प्रकृति का फल होता है और स्वाद में भी मीठा होता है। जामुन एक आयुर्वेदिक हर्ब होता है। जामुन को खाने से बहुत से रोग खत्म हो जाते हैं। जामुन को आयुर्वेद में भी खाने की सलाह दी जाती है। जामुन खाने में स्वादिष्ट होती है और इसमें बहुत से औषधीय गुण भी होते हैं। जामुन अम्लीय होती है इसी वजह से इसे नमक के साथ खाया जाता है। जामुन का प्रभाव ठंडा होता है। जामुन की कई देशी और विदेशी किस्मे पायी जाती हैं।
Blue Berry - ब्लू बेरी - नीलबदरी
Blueberries are perennial flowering plants with indigo-colored berries. They are classified in the section Cyanococcus within the genus Vaccinium. Vaccinium also includes cranberries, bilberries and grouseberries.Commercial “blueberries” are native to North America, and the “highbush” varieties were not introduced into Europe until the 1930s.
ब्लूबेरी या नीलबदरी
ब्लूबेरी एक वैक्सीनियम प्रजाति से संबंधित एक फल है। ब्लू बेरी का उत्पादन नार्थ अमेरिका, यूरोप, साउथ अफ्रीका, एशिया में होता है। छोटे और गोल आकार की ब्लूबेरी नीले रंग की होती हैं जो खाने में खट्टी-मीठी होती हैं।
ब्लूबेरी के औषधीय गुण
आप इसके फल को सलाद, जूस के रूप में भी सेवन कर सकते हैं जो हमारे शरीर के लिए बहुत अधिक फायदेमंद होता है। ब्लूबेरी वजन कम करने में, पाचन शक्ति बढ़ाने में, तनाव दूर करने में, कैंसर में, मधुमेह में बहुत अधिक फायदेमंद होता है।
Bing Cherry
Description/Taste
Bing cherries are a relatively large variety and share the characteristic heart-shape that most cherries exhibit. Their taut skin is smooth and shiny with a deep red to maroon coloring. The firm yet juicy interior has a snappy crunch and encompasses a single pit. The Bing cherry is intensely sweet and tangy, considered by most to be the ultimate cherry for both flavor and texture.
Seasons/Availability
Bing cherries are available from mid-spring until mid-summer.
Current Facts
All cherries are members of the family, Prunus and are descendents of the wild cherry, Prunus avium. They are classified as stone fruits (fruits containing a singular central seed), alongside apricots, plums, peaches and almonds. The Bing cherry is considered the benchmark standard of all cherries and it is the most cultivated variety of sweet cherries in the world. It is a grafted offspring of the now obscure heirloom Black Republican cherry, which mainly serves as a pollinator for other cherry varieties.
Nutritional Value
Bing cherries are an excellent supply of vitamins A and C, calcium, iron, potassium and boron. Their deep red pigment is made possible by the phytochemical called anthocyanin, a potent antioxidants that helps support heart health and provides anti-inflammatory benefits.
Applications
Bing cherries are best suited for fresh eating, canning or freezing. Their confectionary sweetness makes them a quintessential dessert ingredient during the summer months. Complimentary sweet pairings include vanilla, nutmeg, hazelnut, cinnamon, peaches, bramble berries, cream, marzipan, white and dark chocolate and powdered sugar. Savory pairings include almonds, apricots, citrus, herbs such as arugula basil and cilantro, pineapple, pork, scallop, duck, grilled fish, wine reductions, nut oils, mild creamy cheeses such as burrata and mascarpone, fennel and figs.
Ethnic/Cultural Info
The Bing cherry gets its name from a Manchurian Chinese immigrant named Ah Bing. For three decades he oversaw the production of the Lewelling family orchard where he may have had a hand in the original grafting of the Bing cherry trees.
Geography/History
Cherries are native to China. First documentation of cultivation dates back to 4000 B.C. The Bing cherry was first cultivated in 1875 by Seth Lewelling in Willamette Valley, Oregon. Bing cherry trees still thrive in the Willamette Valley and along the Pacific Coast from Washington to California. Under extreme weather conditions such as excess spring rainfall, the fruit will crack or split prior to harvest, damaging crops. Nature's weather elements alone don't prevent some cherries from making it to market. Birds can account for eating up to 30% of a tree's crop.
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